Yesterday, Andrew Orlowski posted on LinkedIn and said:

Generative AI is primarily a tool for creating fakes: you use it to pretend to be something you are not.

I think he was conflating generative AI with consumer / business tools, which use LLMs to generate text, audio and video. Here are some examples of other generative AI applications (a list compiled using an LLM tool so that I can pretend that I am encyclopaedia of generative AI applications, which I am not):

1: Science

1.1: Biology & Bioengineering

• AlphaFold (DeepMind) protein structure generation
• AlphaFold 3 generative molecular design
• RoseTTAFold Diffusion (Baker Lab)
• EvoDiff (Microsoft) for protein generation
• ProteinMPNN
• Chroma (Generate Biomedicines)
• GFlowNets for molecule generation (Bengio et al.)
• DNA sequence generation for gene therapies
• Antibody design with Ig-VAE
• Enzyme design with ProteinGAN
• Protein-ligand pose generation with DiffDock
• Generative metabolic pathway design (SynBioCAD)
• RNA structure generation (EternaBrain)
• Generative CRISPR guide-RNA optimizers
• Generative vaccine candidate design (COVI-Builder)

1.2: Chemistry & Materials Science

• ChemCrow for autonomous synthetic pathway planning
• IBM RXN for Chemistry generative reaction prediction
• Molecule generation with MegaMolBART
• Molecular property optimization with MolGPT
• Inverse materials design with Crystal Diffusion Models
• Battery material design using Matbench generative models
• Catalysis design via generative graph networks
• Polymer design with PolyGPT
• Nanomaterial structure generation (NanoFlow models)
• Photovoltaic material design with MatGAN
• Drug-like compound generation using SMILES-based Transformers

1.3: Physics

• Generative surrogate models for plasma physics (fusion reactor control)
• Dark matter simulation generation with GANs (CosmoGAN)
• Generative weather modelling (GraphCast, GenCast)
• Particle collision simulation (ATLAS GANs, CMS GANs at CERN)
• Fluid dynamics surrogate models (CFD-GAN)
• Gravitational waveform generation (GWGAN)
• Quantum circuit generation with Q-AOA–GAN hybrids
• Generative turbulence models (TurbulenceGAN)

1.4: Earth Science & Climate

• Climate model downscaling with ClimaX
• Carbon capture material discovery via generative models
• Generative flood forecasting (Google FloodHub models)
• Ocean current generative simulation models
• Volcano eruption precursor modelling with LSTM-GANs
• Earthquake waveform generation (EQTransformer)
• Generative crop-yield optimization models

2: Engineering

2.1: Electrical & Computer Engineering

• Chip design with AlphaChip
• Floorplan generation using Circuit-GAN
• Nvidia’s CUDA-optimizing code generators
• FPGA configuration generation with AutoRTL
• PCB routing with generative RL
• Antenna design via topology optimization + generative models
• VLSI logic block layout generation
• EM simulation surrogate generators

2.2: Software Engineering

• Low-latency simultaneous translation
• AlphaCode / AlphaCode 2
• TabNine
• AWS CodeWhisperer
• CodeGeeX
• Automated test generation (DiffBlue Cover)
• Code repair (RepairGAN, ReAct-based agents)
• SQL query generation agents
• Generative API stubs for rapid prototyping
• Generative UX wireframe → production code systems

2.3: Mechanical & Industrial Engineering

• Autodesk Fusion 360 generative design
• Siemens NX generative topology optimization
• GE additive generative turbine blade design
• BMW generative robotic cell layout
• Boeing generative structural optimization
• NASA generative spacecraft component design
• Generative HVAC system optimization models
• Robotic motion planning via diffusion models (Diffusion Policy)
• Assembly sequence generation (FactoryGAN)

2.4: Civil & Environmental Engineering

• Smart-grid demand forecasting generators
• Generative urban planning (Urban-GAN)
• Bridge structural stress simulation using surrogate GANs
• Autonomous HVAC + building layout co-design
• Traffic flow generative simulation (TrafficDiffusion)
• Water system optimization with generative agents

3: Business & Industry

3.1: Product Development & R&D

• Coca-Cola generative product formulation (AI Flavour Lab)
• Unilever generative packaging design
• P&G formulation discovery using ML surrogates
• Dyson iterative hardware prototyping with generative CFD
• Nike and Adidas generative shoe sole design

3.2: Finance

• BloombergGPT
• Generative risk models for stress testing
• Synthetic market data generation for trading systems
• Fraud-pattern generation for adversarial training
• Loan decision model generation
• Robo-advisor portfolio suggestions (Wealthfront etc.)

3.3: Supply Chain & Logistics

• Demand-forecast generation (Amazon Forecast)
• Generative route optimization
• Synthetic SKU data for scenario modelling
• Warehouse robotics motion generation
• Inventory planning with generative reinforcement learning

3.4: Marketing & Sales

• HubSpot GPT workflows
• Salesforce Einstein GPT
• Automatic advertising copy generation at scale
• Generative SEO content clustering
• Customer persona generation
• Chat-based sales assistants with product-specific LLMs

3.5: Operations

• Generative digital twins (Siemens + Nvidia Omniverse)
• Failure mode prediction for manufacturing lines
• Predictive maintenance via generative anomaly models
• Call centre response generation (NICE Enlighten)

4: Medicine & Healthcare

4.1: Drug Discovery

• Insilico Medicine’s AI-designed drug reaching Phase I trials
• Exscientia autonomously designed molecules entering clinic
• NVIDIA BioNeMo molecule generation
• OpenFold for target structure generation
• Schrödinger generative ligand design
• Atomwise generative docking
• DeepMedChem
• Protein sequence generation for novel antibiotics

4.2: Clinical

• LLM-based clinical decision support (Med-PaLM 2)
• Generative radiology reporting systems (NYU MRI-GAN)
• Chest X-ray abnormality highlighting with generative models
• Synthetic MRI / CT image generation for training
• Electronic health record summarisation agents
• Clinical note generation (Epic + Microsoft partnership)
• Patient triage assistants (Babylon, Ada, Amazon Clinic)
• Predictive sepsis detection with generative time-series
• Personalized hearing-aid tuning models (your use case!)
• Prosthetics control sequence generation
• Real-time translation in clinical interactions
• Hospital resource optimisation via generative simulation
• Medical protein design for enzymes & antibodies
• Generative surgical robotics motion planning

4.3: Genomics & Precision Medicine

• Variant effect prediction models
• CRISPR guide sequence design
• mRNA vaccine antigen sequence generation
• Personalized peptide generation for immunotherapies
• Cell behaviour simulation (Cell2Seq VAE models)